The Teeth Have It
I have a hunch just about everyone gets the whole using dental records for identification cliché wrong.
I could be wrong about its use and the facts surrounding it, but since I wince whenever I hear some character mention using dental records to identify the victim of some disfiguring murder, I think I’m right.
I don’t think they work that way.
In a lot of stories, from crime novels through TV shows to movies, some John Doe is always washing up on the beach or discovered by the side of the road or in the wreckage of a car or building and for some reason, whoever wrote the damn thing feels compelled to bring up searching through dental records to identify the body. It doesn’t matter if they were burned or chewed up by an animal, if there isn’t a wallet on the body, there’s always a nod to checking dental records.
Why this activity, which is never successful, needs to be mentioned in the story is a mystery to me. It’s become a cliché, as if some attentive viewer would object if the procedure was neglected and old find his or her enjoyment of the work obliterated.
The thing is, though, that dental records are only useful for answering the question “Is this John Smith?” and is totally useless for answering “Who is this?”
If you have a body that you think may be some particular person, but aren’t sure, I think it’s reasonable (and maybe even necessary) to have them identify the body. If they can’t because it’s too disfigured, you can find out who the dentist was and then he or she can use dental records to determine if the body is who you think it might be.
What you cannot do is identify some totally unknown person by dental records. You need to have a possibility in mind and then question the dentist.
An attempt to identify some complete stranger through dental records could only be done if there was some nationwide (or greater) storehouse of everyone’s dental records, which is preposterous if not silly and that was updated constantly by every dentist on the planet after every change to their patient’s teeth.
The dental records I’ve seen use templates showing 32 healthy teeth and the dentist draws on them to indicate fillings, missing teeth, and stuff like that. Although it would take an army of clerks to keep updating the files, it would take two or three more armies to somehow classify all these pictures so that all those with fillings in teeth 17, 22, and 6 could be quickly located. And yet, this is what writers expect us to believe is what happens when dental records are used for identification.
I have no idea when the practice started, probably during a war, but it makes sense to check the body’s teeth against a dental record to determine their identity. It makes sense, that is, if you’re trying to figure out if the body is some particular person who is known and whose dental records are handy.
If the writer isn’t assuming there’s some huge depository of dental records, are we supposed to believe a dental chart of the victim is made and sent to every dentist in the world to see if, possibly, it was one of their patients? Does this make any sense to anyone? Since the (invariably negative) results are known quickly, I can only imagine that in this world all the dentists drop whatever they’re up to whenever one of these “please identify” faxes shows up and responds within a matter of minutes.
Yeah, it’s just a writer’s trick and shouldn’t be closely examined, but why do so many writers bring it up at all? Since it fails to get results in every story I can think of, why is it even mentioned? Other than continuing the myth that dental records can be used in this way, just leave it out.
Or, only use it to determine if the body is that of a particular person, the way it’s used in the real world.